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Unit 2 Grammar Focus语法精讲精炼
河北承德滦平三中 鲍艳昕
一、宾语从句(一)
用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。
宾语从句需要注意以下三点：
1. 引导词
宾语从句的引导词，可用下面的歌诀记忆：
陈述that来引导，有时可以省略掉。
一般问句表“是否”，if或weather作引导。
特殊疑问作宾从，疑问词连接就可行。
2. 语序: 宾语从句用陈述语序。
3. 时态
（1）如果主句是现在时或将来时，那么宾语从句的时态应根据实际情况选择。如：
I hear that Bill has been to Hainan. 我听说比尔已经去过海南。
（2）如果主句是过去时，那么宾语从句也要用过去的某种时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）与之对应。如：
He said that he was watching TV when his father came back home.他说当他爸爸回家时，他正在看电视。
（3）如果宾语从句讲述的是客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象、名言、警句、格言、谚语时，不管主句是什么时态，宾语从句都要用一般现在时。如：
He said that light travels much faster than sound.
他说光速比声音的传播速度快。
二、感叹句
感叹句是用来表示人的喜、怒、哀、乐等强烈感情的句子，句末通常用感叹号，也可用句号。感叹句通常由what或how引导。
1. what引导的感叹句，主要有以下几种：
（1）What + (a/an) +形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！如：
What a beautiful park it is! 这个公园太漂亮啦！
（2）What +形容词+可数名词复数+主语+谓语！如：
What hardworking students they are! 学生们多么用功呀！
（3）What +形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语！如：
What fine weather it is! 多好的天气呀！
2. how引导的感叹句，主要有两种：
（1）How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语！如：
How clever the little girl is! 小姑娘太聪明了！
How quickly Tom is writing! 汤姆写字太快了！
（2）How+主语+谓语！如：
How time flies! 时间过得真快呀！
语法精练
Ⅰ. 用that，what, how, if或whether填空。
1.Wang Hong told _______she was cooking at 6：00 yesterday morning.
2.I wonder ________ I can get some advice from you.
3.I don’t know _______ or not they will come for our help.
4. ________useful the iphone 6 is! But I can’t afford it.
5. ________a wonderful talent show they performed in our school yesterday!
6.________ nice children Simon and Jim are! They help Mrs. Li clean the house every day.
7. Our geography teacher said ________ the earth goes around the sun.
8.His father is worried about ________ he lost his work.
9.________an exciting basketball match! Miami Heat beat New York Knicks at last.
10. _______good advice the teacher gave me!
Ⅱ.按要求完成句字，每空一词。
11.The floor is very dirty.(改为感叹句)
________ _______ the floor is!
12.He was visiting the museum at eight this morning. John said.(合并为一个句子)
John said ________ he _________ visiting the museum at eight this morning.
13.My kite flies so high.(改为感叹句)
________ ________ my kite flies!
14.Did the old man use to play the piano? We wondered.(合并为一个句子)
We wondered __________ the old man _________ to play the piano.
15.What an interesting book it is!(改为同义句)
参考答案：
Grammar Focus
Ⅰ.1.that2.if/whether3.whether4.How5.What6.What7.that8.whether9.What10.What
Ⅱ.11.How dirty12.that；was13.How high14.if/whether；used15.How interesting
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